Within the STRENDA initiative a number of obligatory conditions are defined that are necessary BIBF 1120 concentration to characterise the experiments when enzyme kinetic data are published (Tipton et al., 2014). In this respect it is interesting to analyse the BRENDA data if at least the most important conditions, pH and temperature were given in the original paper. The analysis is shown in Table

7. For mutant enzymes the exact sequence modifications must be given, of course. BRENDA lists more than 52,000 single kinetic data for mutant enzymes, either on natural occurring mutations or on mutations achieved by site-directed mutagenesis. Each value is connected to an organism, a protein sequence ID for the enzyme where available, and to a literature reference. In addition to the mentioned cases for enzyme, ligand, organism, tissue, localisation there are a number of other information fields in BRENDA with a controlled vocabulary or a standardized form. This includes: • Application (25 categories such as agriculture, drug development, diagnostics, environmental protection, medicine, synthesis,

toxicology, veterinary medicine etc.). The DRENDA part of BRENDA covers information Forskolin chemical structure on Enzyme/Disease relationships, including enzymes where the function or malfunction is connected to a disease or where the enzyme is used for diagnosis or treatment (Söhngen et al., 2011). For the disease-related part of DRENDA the established Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) standard, a comprehensive controlled vocabulary is used that was originally designed for indexing journal articles (Sewell, 1964). This includes, among other categories, 22,000 Amylase terms for

diseases and metabolic disorders which are classified under the top level category “diseases”. None of the authors have any conflict of interest. We wish to thank all scientists who maintain the BRENDA website, performed the literature annotation and created the molecular structures for the enzyme ligands. In addition, this is also to thank the following funding agencies: European Union: SLING—Serving Life-Science Information for the Next Generation [226073]; Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany, L3S Research Centre: Advancement and Updating the Enzyme Information System BRENDA [01KX1235]; Niedersächsisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur, Germany, MWK/TU Braunschweig [74ZN1122]. “
“Human genome research and subsequent post-genome research provided both the systematic analyses and wide definition of the “genome”, i.e., the substances coded by the genome, such as gene expression, polymorphism and proteome. DNA, RNA and proteins are synthesized based on genetic codes and template-based duplication, transcription and translation. On the other hand, chemical structures of metabolites such as glycans, lipids and terpenoids are not designed by such templates, but by biosynthetic pathways. Kanehisa et al.