Moreover, multiple and heterogeneous Go6983 IVSs were shown in C. upsaliensis 48-1 and 68-3 isolates, respectively. Consequently, identification of the IVSs within the 23S rRNA genes from the 207 Campylobacter isolates is summarized in the Table 1. Table 1 IVSs within 23S rRNA genes from Campylobacter organisms analyzed in the present study Organism Isolate IVS name Accession No. C. sputorum LMG7975 C. sp IVS AB491949 C. sputorum LMG8535 C. sp no IVS AB491950 C. jejuni

86-375 C. je IVSA AB491951 C. jejuni 85-3 C. je IVSB AB491952 C. jejuni HP5090 C. je IVSC AB491953 C. jejuni HP5100 C. je IVSD AB491954 C. coli 27 C. co IVS AB491955 C. upsaliensis G1104 C. up IVSA AB491956 C. upsaliensis 60-1 C. up IVSB AB491957 C. upsaliensis 2 C. up IVSC AB491958 C. upsaliensis 15 C. up IVSD AB491959 C. fetus cf2-1 C. fe IVS AB491960 C. curvus LMG7610 C. cu IVSA AB491961 C. curvus LMG11033 C. cu IVSB AB491962

Figure 3 Electrophoretic profiles of PCR products amplified with Campylobacter isolates using a primer pair of f-/r-Cl23h45. For lane M and lane 1 to 9, see the legend to the Figure 1. Figure 4 Sequence alignment analysis in the helix Fedratinib solubility dmso 45 within 23S rRNA gene sequences from Campylobacter isolates. C. je, C. jejuni;C. co, C. coli;C. up, C. upsaliensis;C. fe, C. fetus;C. cu, C. curvus. C. je IVSA, 86-375; B, 85-3; C, HP5090; D, HP5100; C. co, 27; C. up IVSA, G1104; B, 60-1; C, 2; D, 15; C. fe, cf2-1; C. cu IVSA, LMG7610; B, LMG11033. Secondary structure models of the IVSs Regarding the IVSs identified in the present study,

within the 23S rRNA gene sequences from the Campylobacter isolates examined, secondary structure models were constructed with all the IVSs shown in Table 1. Fig. 5 and 6 show some examples of the secondary structure models of the IVSs in helix 25 (the first quarter; Fig. 5) and helix 45 (central; Fig. 6) regions. In the present models, stem and loop structures were identified in all IVSs. Figure 5 Secondary structures of IVSs in the helix 25 region from C. sputorum biovar sputorum LMG7975. Some details of the IVSs were shown in Table 1. Secondary structure predictions Monoiodotyrosine were obtained using the mfold server available at bioinfo’s home page. Figure 6 Secondary structures of IVSs in the helix 45 region from Campylobacter isolates. For other details, refer to legend to Figure 4. Gel electrophoresis of purified RNA Denaturing agarose gel electrophoresis profiles of purified RNA from the Campylobacter isolates was carried out to clarify if the primary RNA transcripts of 23S rRNA were fragmented in the isolates or not. Purified RNA from E. coli DH5α cells, identified to lack IVSs, was also employed as a reference FK506 marker (lane 1 in Fig. 7). In the purified RNA fraction from the isolates of C. sputorum biovar sputorum LMG7975 (lane 2), whose 23S rRNA gene(s) was demonstrated to carry IVSs in the helix 25, no 23S rRNA was evident in the fraction (Fig. 7A).