Figure 1 Time to exhaustion (individual responses,

A and mean values, B) after the ingestion of LGI, HGI and control meals (mean ± SEM). LGI: Low Glycemic Index; HGI: High Glycemic Index. RPE, heart rate and ventilation There was no significant main effect of trial or time by trial interaction for RPE (Figure 2A). selleck products However, there was a significant main effect of time (P < 0.001, η 2 = .98, observed power = 1.00). RPE levels increased significantly at 20 min and remained significantly elevated until exhaustion for all trials. There were no significant differences at rest between the three trials for heart rate (Control = 68.0 ± 2.6 bpm, LGI = 66.3 ± 4.2 bpm, HGI = 66.5 ± 3.4 bpm). There was no significant main effect of trial or time by trial interaction for heart rate (Figure 2B) and ventilation (Figure 2C). Crenolanib mouse However, there was a significant main effect of time for heart rate (P < 0.001, η 2 = .97, observed power = 1.00), and ventilation (P < 0.001, η 2 = .98, observed power = 1.00). Pairwise comparisons revealed significant differences between the 10 min and exhaustion time points for all trials for heart rate and ventilation. Figure 2 RPE, heart rate and ventilation responses during exercise after LY3023414 research buy the ingestion of LGI, HGI and control meal (mean ± SEM). LGI: Low Glycemic Index; HGI: High Glycemic Index.a Significantly different from 10 for the HGI group (P

< 0.05),b Significantly different from 10 for the LGI group (P < 0.05),c Significantly different from 10 for the control group (P < 0.05). Substrate oxidation There was no significant main effect of trial or time by trial interaction for respiratory quotient (RQ; Figure 3A). However, there was a significant main

effect of time (P < 0.001, η 2 = .97, observed power = 1.00). RQ appeared significantly elevated only at exhaustion with no significant difference between the three trials. Carbohydrate Gefitinib and fat oxidation rates (Figure 3B) was not different between the three trials during exercise. Figure 3 Respiratory quotient and substrate oxidation rate during exercise after the ingestion of LGI, HGI and control meal (mean ± SEM). LGI: Low Glycemic Index; HGI: High Glycemic Index.a Significantly different from 10 for the HGI group (P < 0.05),b Significantly different from 10 for the LGI group (P < 0.05),c Significantly different from 10 for the control group (P < 0.05). Lactate, glucose and insulin There was no significant main effect of trial or time by trial interaction for lactate (Figure 4A). However, there was a significant main effect of time (P < 0.001, η 2 = .92, observed power = 1.00). Lactate levels increased significantly at 20 min of exercise and remained significantly elevated until exhaustion for all trials. Figure 4 Lactate, glucose and insulin responses during exercise after the ingestion of LGI, HGI and control meal (mean ± SEM). LGI: Low Glycemic Index; HGI: High Glycemic Index.