(c) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 121: 1685-1690, 2011″
“Objective: Accumulating evidence suggests that phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is physically present at the luminal endothelial surface, where it tentatively functions as a critical anticoagulant. The goal of the current investigation was 3-fold: to characterize the distribution profile of PE at the luminal buy YM155 endothelial surface; to examine the immunoreactivity to the vascular endothelium by anti-PE (aPE) sera from patients presenting with

thrombosis; and to discuss the potential mechanism of PE upregulation by endothelial cells. Methods: The rat aortic arch was selected as major conduit vessel under significant hemodynamic burden. The presence of PE and the antigenic profile of aPE sera at the luminal endothelial surface were examined using duramycin as a PE-binding probe and immunohistochemistry.

Phosphatidylethanolamine upregulation at endothelial cell surface was investigated using cultured Ro-3306 monolayer subject to laminar shear stress or thrombin treatment. Results: High levels of PE were detected at the luminal endothelial surface of aortic flow dividers, the ascending aorta, and the outer curvature of the aortic arch. The antigenic profiles of aPE sera, which are highly associated with elevated thrombotic risks in patients, are consistent with PE distribution along the endothelial surface. Finally, PE is upregulated at the surface of cultured endothelial cells in response to luminal shear stress but not thrombin. Conclusions: The current data describe the physical distribution of vascular PE at the blood-endothelium interface. The luminal PE presents a vulnerability to anti-PE autoimmunity and is consistent with the association between aPE and elevated risk for idiopathic thrombosis.”
“The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the bioadhesivity, in vitro drug release, SRT2104 nmr and permeation of an intravaginal bioadhesive polymeric device (IBPD) loaded with 3′-azido-3′-deoxythymidine (AZT) and polystyrene sulfonate (PSS). Modified polyamide 6,10, poly(lactic-coglycolic

acid), polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, and ethylcellulose were blended with model drugs AZT and PSS as well as radio-opaque barium sulfate (BaSO4) and then compressed into caplet devices on a tableting press. One set of devices was coated with 2% w/v pentaerythritol polyacrylic acid (APE-PAA) while another remained uncoated. Thermal analysis was performed on the constituent polymers as well the IBPD. The changes in micro-environmental pH within the simulated human vaginal fluid due to the presence of the IBPD were assessed over a period of 30 days. Textural profile analysis indicated that the bioadhesivity of the APE-PAA-coated devices (3.699 +/- 0.464 N; 0.0098 +/- 0.0004 J) was higher than that of the uncoated devices (1.198 +/- 0.150 N; 0.0019 +/- 0.0001 J).