“
“Background: The authors have PD173074 Angiogenesis inhibitor expanded upon a well-described and widely used flap in the head and neck region. The purpose of the cadaver study was to determine the feasibility, angiosome, and the potential application of this pedicled flap in bone tissue engineering of the mandible.
Methods: A total of 6 fresh human cadaver heads were dissected for a total of 12 flaps. The extended composite temporoparietal fascial flap, based on the superficial temporal artery (STA) and including cranial periosteum, was dissected and the dimensions were measured. Through a combined submandibular and preauricular incision,
the mandible was exposed and the dimensions were measured from the sigmoid notch
to the gonion angle and from the gonion angle to the symphysis. CT angiography and silicone injections were performed to identify the vascular anatomy of the flap.
Results: The combined distance from the sigmoid notch to the gonion and the gonion to the symphysis, plotted versus the cranial apex to tragus length, demonstrated adequate flap dimensions in all specimens for hemi-mandibular reconstruction. The average flap Kinase Inhibitor Library manufacturer length was 16.5 +/- 1.40 cm and the average flap width was 11.4 +/- 0.98 cm, resulting in an average flap surface area of 94.5 +/- 13.08 cm(2). Radiographic images and silicone injections confirmed STA perfusion of the cranial periosteum.
Conclusions: The extended composite temporoparietal fascial flap with periosteum can be a viable option for providing vascularized periosteum in tissue-engineered craniofacial reconstruction.”
“Objective To evaluate the effect of metal artifact reduction techniques on dGEMRIC T-1 calculation with surgical hardware present.
We examined the effect of stainless-steel and titanium hardware on dGEMRIC T-1 maps. We tested two strategies to reduce metal artifact in dGEMRIC: (1) saturation recovery (SR) instead of inversion recovery (IR) and (2) applying the metal artifact reduction sequence (MARS), in a gadolinium-doped agarose
gel phantom and in vivo with titanium hardware. T-1 maps were obtained using custom curve-fitting software and phantom ROIs were defined to compare conditions this website (metal, MARS, IR, SR).
A large area of artifact appeared in phantom IR images with metal when TI a parts per thousand currency signaEuro parts per thousand 700 ms. IR maps with metal had additional artifact both in vivo and in the phantom (shifted null points, increased mean T-1 (+151 % IR ROIartifact) and decreased mean inversion efficiency (f; 0.45 ROIartifact, versus 2 for perfect inversion)) compared to the SR maps (ROIartifact: +13 % T-1 SR, 0.95 versus 1 for perfect excitation), however, SR produced noisier T-1 maps than IR (phantom SNR: 118 SR, 212 IR). MARS subtly reduced the extent of artifact in the phantom (IR and SR).