001). No significant differences in rebleeding after 6 weeks were observed between patients with and without HCC (19% versus 17%; P = 0.714; Table 3). However, overall failure

of secondary prophylaxis was more frequent in patients with HCC than controls (32% versus 21%; P = 0.05). I-BET-762 ic50 Expectedly, lack of secondary prophylactic measures was associated with secondary prophylaxis failure (data not shown; P < 0.001). Similarly, PVT was associated with secondary prophylaxis failure (none, 25%; benign, 21%; malignant, 35%; P < 0.001). During follow-up, 3 patients from each group received LT. Most patients without HCC died of decompensated liver disease (40 of 49), whereas those with HCC died of decompensated liver disease (34 of 109), tumoral disease (7 of 109), or a combination of both (61 of 109). Seven patients from each group had nonhepatic deaths. Transplant-free survival was significantly shorter in patients with HCC (median survival of 5 Selleck R788 months versus over 38 months in patients without HCC; log rank: P < 0.001; Fig. 1A). This difference

was maintained in each Child-Pugh class (log rank: P < 0.001; Fig. 1B-D). Previous decompensation was significantly associated with survival in the overall group; however, in patients with HCC, no significant differences were observed according to this variable (Fig. 2). Survival curves of patients with HCC according to BCLC classification is shown in Supporting Fig. 1. To simplify the statistical analysis and according to these survival curves, patients were divided in two groups of BCLC classification (0, A, and B and C and D). Expectedly, patients with BCLC 0, A, and B had better survival rates (median survival: 17.3 months; IQR, 9.6-36.1) than patients with BCLC C and D (1.5 months; IQR, 0.3-3.7), and both groups presented a MCE worse outcome than patients without HCC (median survival: >60 months; Fig. 3). Given the uneven distribution of well-known prognostic markers of rebleeding and death, multivariate analysis was performed

to evaluate the adjusted effect of HCC on survival (Table 4A). Even when considering the other variables, HCC and lack of secondary prophylaxis remained independent predictors of death. Stratified analysis was performed to evaluate specifically the effect of use of secondary prophylaxis in patients according to BCLC. In patients with BCLC 0, A, and B, most had secondary prophylaxis. However, lack of secondary prophylaxis was associated with death (log rank: P < 0.001) with a median survival of 0.9 months in patients without prophylaxis (2 of 57; 4%), compared to 22 months in patients with prophylaxis (55 of 57; 96%). Similarly, in patients with BCLC C and D, and despite their dismal prognosis, lack of secondary prophylaxis was also associated with death (log rank: P < 0.001) with a median survival of 0.7 months (24 of 71; 34%), compared to 3 months in patients who had secondary prophylaxis (47 of 71; 66%; Fig. 4).