(C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3672689]“
“AimTo determine the postpartum smoking relapse rate among women in Japan who quit smoking during pregnancy and to clarify factors related to smoking relapse.

MethodsA self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted as a cross-sectional study of all mothers

of children who underwent health checkups PFTα after birth in randomly selected municipalities in Japan from May to July 2009. Using valid data of 20601 mothers, smoking rate was calculated. In addition, (2)-test and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to clarify related factors to the smoking relapse.

ResultsThe smoking rates among women were 15.8% at the time when they became pregnant, 5.1% during pregnancy and 11.3% after giving birth. Among women who smoked at the time they became pregnant, the smoking rate during pregnancy was 31.1%. Among women who quit smoking during pregnancy, the postpartum smoking relapse rate was 41.0%. The odds

ratios (95% confidence interval) for factors in smoking relapse were 0.72 (0.60-0.88) for women spending time with their child in a relaxed mood, 0.67 (0.47-0.94) for women having someone to talk to on the Internet about childrearing, 1.94 (1.60-2.35) for women who worked and 3.37 selleck products (2.61-4.35) for women whose partner smoked after they gave birth.

ConclusionIt is hoped that future research will establish methods to further support smoking cessation and the continuation of smoking cessation after childbirth, and develop mechanisms to spread knowledge about the harm of smoking in society and encourage women not to start.”
“A modified theory is proposed for extracting cell dielectric properties from the peak frequency measurement of electrorotation (ER) and the crossover frequency measurement of dielectrophoresis (DEP). Current theory in the literature is based on the low frequency (DC) approximations

for the equivalent cell permittivity and conductivity, which are valid when the measurements are performed in a medium with conductivity less than 1 mS/m. The present theory extracts the cell properties through BEZ235 PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitor optimizing an expression for the medium conductivity in terms of the peak ER, or DEP crossover, frequency according to its definition using full expressions of equivalent cell permittivity and conductivity. Various levels of approximation of the theory are proposed and discussed through a scaling analysis. The present theory can extract both membrane and interior properties from the low and the high peak ER, or DEP crossover, frequencies for any medium conductivity provided the peak ER, or DEP crossover, frequency exists. It can be reduced to the linear theory for the low peak ER and DEP crossover frequencies in the literature when the medium conductivity is less than 10 mS/m.