3A, the cell growth rates of the experimental group, RMG-I-H-A and RMG-I-A, were much lower than the control group, RMG-I-H selleck screening library and RMG-I, after the process by α-L-fucosidase

(p < 0.01). There was no significant difference between RMG-I-H-A and RMG-I-A (p > 0.05), while the proliferation rate of RMG-I was still lower than that of RMG-I-H (p < 0.05). Colony formation test showed that the cells, after processed by α-L-fucosidase, were mostly single, the number of colony formation was much less and the size of colony was also smaller. The colony formation rates of RMG-I-H-A and RMG-I-A cells were 11% and 13%, respectively. While, the colony formation rates of RMG-I-H and RMG-I were 47% and 34%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those of the experimental group (p < 0.01) (Fig. 3B). Figure 3 Effects of α-L-fucosidase on the proliferation of the cells before and after the transfection. (A) The cell growth curves of each group before and after the process by α-L-fucosidase (B) The colony formation rates of each group before and after selleckchem the process by α-L-fucosidase. * p < 0.01 compared to the control. Anti-Lewis y antibody inhibits the proliferation of Lewis y-overexpressing cells Results in Fig. 4 showed that the cell growth of RMG-I-H cells was markedly

inhibited by anti-Lewis y antibody, when compared with the control group RMG-I-H-C cells at the different time (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference in proliferation Abiraterone chemical structure was found between RMG-I-a and RMG-I-C cells (p > 0.05). Meanwhile, the results in Fig. 4 also show that the

proliferation rate of RMG-I was still lower than that of RMG-I-H (p < 0.05). Figure 4 The cell growth curves of each group before and after the process by anti-Lewis y antibody. LY294002 inhibits the proliferation of Lewis y-overexpressing cells In order to investigate the mechanism of Lewis y-enhanced cell growth, we use the inhibitor of PI3K, LY294002, to treat the non- and α1,2-FT transfected cells, then the cell proliferation was observed. Results in Fig. 5 showed that when RMG-I-H cells were incubated with LY294002 at a concentration of 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 μM for 48 h, respectively, the cell proliferation was inhibited, especially at the concentration of 25 and 50 μM, the number of proliferated cells was decreased significantly, the concentrations of LY294002 giving the half survival rates (IC50) were 23.18 ± 1.41 μM for RMG-I-H. In contrast, the proliferation of RMG-I cells was not significantly affected by treatment with various concentrations of LY294002. Figure 5 The cell growth curves of each group before and after the process of LY294002. PI3K/Akt signaling is required for Lewis y-enhanced growth of RMG-I cells In grow factor signaling, activation of Akt has been implicated as a key step. As shown in Fig.